Ah, Fall. The crisp air, the beautiful foliage and, for those who live in rural areas, the hunting season! Yes, this is the time of year when, permit in hand, hunters take to the woods for sport.
The permissibility of hunting according to Jewish law is not as straight-forward as one might imagine. Actually, there are cogent arguments for and against hunting and trapping in Jewish tradition.
In Genesis (1:26), God explicitly gives human beings dominion over the entire planet – meaning all animals, vegetables and minerals. Dominion, however, does not mean tyranny or abuse, but rather responsibility. In fact, this verse is one that is at the heart of Judaism’s sensitive environmental philosophy.
While humans have dominion over animals, Judaism prohibits “tza’ar ba’alei chayim,” causing undue suffering to living creatures. For this reason, hunting for pleasure is strictly prohibited.
And while humankind has Divine permission to be omnivorous, Jewish law deems any animal not properly slaughtered to be “not kosher” (unfit) for Jewish consumption. Animals with life-threatening wounds, such as those resulting from guns, arrows or traps, are not kosher.
So if animals may not be hunted for either food and pleasure, when might hunting be permitted? One may hunt only for a legitimate need, such as collecting fur and leather for clothes or shoes or to obtain animal products that are used for medicine. Even then, the animal must be killed in a manner that ensures the least possible pain.
JewishTreats leaves you with this question: Would hunting to thin out a herd in danger of starvation be prohibited as tza’ar ba’alei chayim or would it be permitted in order to make certain that fewer animals starve to death?
This Treat was originally published on November 24, 2008.
Copyright © 2012 National Jewish Outreach Program. All rights reserved.
Is fur and leather a legitimate human need, when we have so many alternatives that do the job without suffering and death?
In any case, current methods of obtaining fur and leather are anything but “least possible pain”. They are simply torture.
I wish the religious community would put animal welfare issues on their radar. Judaism has much to say but this is completely being ignored.
As president of Jewish Vegetarians of North America, I am happy to see this article. readers might be interested in my article, “An Overlooked Mitzvah: Tsa’ar Ba’alei Chaim.”
http://jewishveg.com/schwartz/OverlookedMitzvah.html
For Jewish teachings on the proper treatment of animals, please see my 160 articles,, 25 podcasts of my talks and interviews, and the complete text of the 3rd edition of my book, “Judaism and Vegetarianism,” at JewishVeg.com/schwartz.